Editing
Today’s publishers are looking for polished manuscripts. Readers also expect self-published books to be edited. Hiring a professional editor is an important step in the publishing process.
There are different levels of editing:
Substantive or developmental editing
This is big-picture editing. It involves reorganizing a manuscript for content and structure. Does it all fit together into a coherent whole? Are there plot holes that need to be fixed?
Substantive editing does not include correcting grammar, spelling, or word usage.
Copyediting
Copyediting focuses on grammar, word usage, spelling, punctuation, and other mechanics of style. It also involves checking for consistency of mechanics and for consistency of facts. For example, does all dialogue have opening and closing quotation marks? Does a character have blue eyes on page 41 and brown eyes on page 87?
Proofreading
This is the final stage of reviewing material. At this point the manuscript has been edited and formatted so only minor changes can be made, such as correcting spelling mistakes. Proofreaders also check for adherence to design. For example, is the page numbering correct? Are all graphs labelled?